Seasons on Earth

At the March equinox, the sun crosses the equator going north. It's often called the start of spring in the northern hemisphere and the start of autumn or fall in the southern hemisphere. In most of the northern hemisphere, sunrise and sunset happen exactly 12 hours apart just a few days before the March equinox. Likewise, they happen exactly 12 hours apart just a few days later in most of the southern hemisphere. At and close to the poles, the sun travels along the horizon without really rising or setting.

At the June solstice, the sun is as far north as it goes, at 23.4°. It's often called the start of summer in the northern hemisphere and the start of winter in the southern hemisphere, even though many people would feel those seasons are already well underway where they are. In most of the northern hemisphere, the sun is up the longest. Likewise, in most of the southern hemisphere, the sun is up the shortest time. However, at and close to the north pole, the sun never sets. And at and close to the south pole, it never rises.

At the September equinox, the sun crosses the equator going south. People often call it the start of autumn in the northern hemisphere and the start of spring in the southern hemisphere. For most of the southern hemisphere, sunrise and sunset will happen exactly 12 hours apart a few days before the equinox. And for most of the northern hemisphere, they'll happen exactly 12 hours apart a few days later. At and close to the poles, the sun travels along the horizon without really rising or setting.

At the December solstice, the sun is as far south as it goes, at 23.4°. This is often called the start of summer in the southern hemisphere and the start of winter in the northern hemisphere, although those seasons would seem to be well underway at many locations. In most of the southern hemisphere, the days are longest. In most of the northern hemisphere, the days are shortest. At and close to the south pole, the sun never sets. At and close to the north pole, the sun never rises.

Here are the equinox and solstice times from 2020 through 2039.
Year March equinox June solstice September equinox December solstice
2020March 20 at 03:50 June 20 at 21:44 September 22 at 13:31 December 21 at 10:03
2021March 20 at 09:38 June 21 at 03:33 September 22 at 19:22 December 21 at 16:00
2022March 20 at 15:34 June 21 at 09:14 September 23 at 01:04 December 21 at 21:49
2023March 20 at 21:25 June 21 at 14:58 September 23 at 06:51 December 22 at 03:28
2024March 20 at 03:07 June 20 at 20:52 September 22 at 12:44 December 21 at 09:21
2025March 20 at 09:02 June 21 at 02:43 September 22 at 18:20 December 21 at 15:04
2026March 20 at 14:47 June 21 at 08:25 September 23 at 00:06 December 21 at 20:51
2027March 20 at 20:25 June 21 at 14:11 September 23 at 06:02 December 22 at 02:43
2028March 20 at 02:18 June 20 at 20:03 September 22 at 11:46 December 21 at 08:20
2029March 20 at 08:03 June 21 at 01:49 September 22 at 17:39 December 21 at 14:15
2030March 20 at 13:52 June 21 at 07:32 September 22 at 23:27 December 21 at 20:10
2031March 20 at 19:42 June 21 at 13:18 September 23 at 05:16 December 22 at 01:56
2032March 20 at 01:22 June 20 at 19:09 September 22 at 11:11 December 21 at 07:56
2033March 20 at 07:23 June 21 at 01:02 September 22 at 16:52 December 21 at 13:47
2034March 20 at 13:18 June 21 at 06:45 September 22 at 22:40 December 21 at 19:34
2035March 20 at 19:03 June 21 at 12:34 September 23 at 04:40 December 22 at 01:31
2036March 20 at 01:04 June 20 at 18:33 September 22 at 10:24 December 21 at 07:13
2037March 20 at 06:51 June 21 at 00:23 September 22 at 16:14 December 21 at 13:08
2038March 20 at 12:41 June 21 at 06:10 September 22 at 22:03 December 21 at 19:03
2039March 20 at 18:33 June 21 at 11:58 September 23 at 03:50 December 22 at 00:41